THE EGYPTIAN SUDAN and form the most southerly remains of Egyptian civiHzation which have, up to the present, been found in the Sudan/ Amen-hetep II. was succeeded by Thothmes IV., who during his short reign made one expedition into Syria, and another into Nubia. A rock-sculpture on the Island of Konosso shows us the king in the act of slaying a typical Nubian in the presence of the old Nubian god Tetun and the god Khas ,fi ; the former declares that he has given Thothmes IV. sovereignty over the Anti, or Hill-men of Nubia, and the latter that he has made him master of all the countries thereof." This scene is dated in the seventh year of the king's reign. An inscription on the same island," dated the eighth year of his reign, refers to this expedition, but though it is full of high-sounding phrases about the king's valour, and his resemblance to various gods, there is nothing in it to show that he did anything in the Sudan worthy of special note, or that he did anything more than perform a journey and collect tribute. Amen-hetep, a high-priest of the god An-Her, says on his stele that he accompanied the king when he went into Neherin, and Kari, or Kali [|[| r . Neherin, as we know, was the country near the Euphrates and in the neighbourhood of Aleppo, and was the frontier of Egypt in Syria to the north ; Kari, or Kali, must therefore have been the southern limit of Egypt's possessions in the Sudan, but where it was situated exactly we cannot say. The place furthest south where the name of Thothmes IV. appears is 'Amada ; here we find inscriptions recording his names and titles, and among others one wherein his prenomen stands immediately above that of Usertsen III. Neither Thothmes IV. nor his predecessor, Amen-hetep II., had need to attack the natives of the Sudan, for these had not had sufficient time or opportunity to organize resistance on a large scale. Thothmes IV. married, among other women, the daughter of Artatama, king of Mitani (the Mathen, A/WAAA po\y) , of the hieroglyphic inscriptions) in Western Asia, and made allies of some of the leading kings of the country ' See the official Verzeichnis, p. 130.

- Lepsius, Detikmdler, Abth. iii., Bl. 69 e.

J. de Morgan, Catalogue, p. 66.

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