TEMPLE OF TIRHAKAH AT SEMNA of the XVIIIth Dynasty, several pieces of pottery, and a terra-cotta lamp which appeared to belong to the Coptic Period. All these objects we took away, and they are now in the Museum at Khartum. The discovery of small objects belonging to theXIIth or Xlllth Dynasty in the sanctuary of the temple of Tirhakah, a king of the XXVth Dynast}, who did not reign until some fifteen hundred years after Khu-taui-Ra, and in such positions, is to me inexplicable. Yet such is the case. The presence of the Coptic lamp is easy to explain. The room above the filled-in sanctuary of Tirhakah was used as a Coptic church, as we have already said. The lamp dropped, or was put on the mud floor, and was then forgotten, and little by little, with the help of some rain, it worked its way downwards until it reached the place where we found it. A somewhat similar case happened at the mound of Kuyunjik, wherein the palaces of Sennacherib and Ashur-bani-pal were buried. In February, i88g, we found at a depth of 30 feet from the surface a silver Sassanian bracelet, and a piece of a terracotta tablet inscribed in cuneiform side by side. The bracelet cannot be older than the fourth century after Christ, whilst the fragment of the tablet belongs to the reign of Ashur-bani-pal, B.C. 681-668!

Having cleared out the sanctuary of Tirhakah's temple, and various other portions of the ruins, it became possible to make out the general plan of the building. The temple was rectangular, and was entered by one door only, which is on the south side. It consisted of a court with six sandstone columns, and a hall, in the centre of which was the sanctuary containing the altar. The whole building was about 75 feet long, and 41 feet wide.

Mr. J. W. Crowfoot, Inspector of Education, carefully measured every part of it, and the excellent plan which is here reproduced I owe to his kindness. Like the temple of Thothmes III., which stands to the north of it, Tirhakah's temple is oriented to the south. The stone pillars in its court were probably brought from the temple which stood a little to the north of that of Thothmes III., of the pillars of which we saw some capitals lying about. The general use of mud brick in Tirhakah's temple indicates that ihe quarries in the hill on the opposite bank at Kumma were not being worked extensively under his reign. The funds at our dis-487