TRAVELS OF CAPTAIN NORDEN would lead us to suppose that a contributory cause was the imprudent display of luxury which du Roule himself made, for he says that du Roule had with him sixty camels laden with merchandise and valuable goods, which was more than enough to excite the greed of the barbarians.

The first traveller in comparatively modern times to deal with any portion of the Valley of the' Nile was Captain Lewis NoRDEN, F.R.S., who was born October 22nd, 1708, and died September 22nd, 1742. He was despatched to Egypt in 1737 by H.M. Christian VL of Denmark, and travelled on the Nile from November 17th, 1737, to February 21st, 1738, and embodied the results of his journey in two folio volumes, which are illustrated with plates.-Having arrived at Aswan, and inspected the antiquities from Elephantine to Philae, he decided to continue his journey to the Second Cataract, and announced his intention of doing so to the local authorities, who characteristically urged him to change his mind. The Agha of the district told him that to attempt to reach the Second Cataract was only to cause his sure destruction, for cases had happened in which men of his own religion had entered Nubia, and had never returned. After paying for his own permit to travel, and for that of the captain of the boat who allowed him to sail up the river. Captain Norden set out on his journey just one month before Dr. Pococke arrived in Aswan. The state of the country at that time was such that travelling brought with it many risks, and it is clear that only the boldest travellers ever got beyond the First Cataract. When Captain Norden landed on the Island of Philae, in order to sketch the front of the temple of Isis, some hundreds of the Barabara collected on the bank, and threatened to burn the boat if he did not leave the place and embark. Near Kalabsha the natives cried out to the captain of the boat, and insisted that he should stop so that they might see the Franks * " La cupidity, non moins qu'iine crdulhe stiipide, fut sans doute le "motif qui porta le prince k une trahison aussi atroce. M. du Roule "6talait un luxe imprudent ; il avait soixante chameaux charges de bagages et "d'objets precieux : c'etait plus qu'il en fallait pour-exciter la convoitise de ces *' barbares." Tom. ii., p. 306.

-Travels in Egypt and Nubia, translated and enlarged, with observations from ancient and modern writers, by Dr. Peter Ternpleman, London, 1757.

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