270 METAMMEH Wilson's party, iv 116; his critical position on, iv 123; he leaves the island, iv 124. Metammeh, proposed attack on, iv 74; Gordon's steamers at, iv 75; the column withdrawn from, iv 77. Mizraim, land of, i 3. Mohammed Ali, i 28; his character and early history, i 29; becomes pasha of Egypt, i 37; defeats and destroys the Memlooks, i 39, 41; his decree to the military governors, i 49; develops the resources of the country, i 61 ; an admirer of British pluck, i 64; his demands from the Porte, i 65; establishes a navy, i 65 ; becomes master of Syria, i 67 ; defeats the Ottoman troops, i 71 ; resiists the demands of the Great Powers, i 72; is encouraged by the attitude of France, i 74 ; his plausible circular message, 1 75; final offer by the four powers refused, i 77; he is compelled by force to restore the Turkish fleet and relinquish Syria, i 79 ; progress of the country under, i 82; his difficulties with European adventurers, i 82: he drains the population, i 83 ; changes the system of land tenure, i 84; his monopolies, i 85; introduces tlie olive and cassia, i 87; his oppressive taxation, i 87 ; introduces educational institutions and manufactures, i 90: his home life, i 94; his summer palace at Shoobra, i 95: his administration of justice, i 97; hih revenue from direct taxes and indirect exactions, i 98 ; incomes of religious ajid charitable institutions taken, i 98; schemes of European adventurers proposed to him, i 99; his death, i 102. Mohammed Khilil, defeated, iv 231. Mohammed Khosrew, i 35, 37. Mohammed Sebekh, an ancient crusader, ii 237. Mombaz Bay, i 157. Morice Rey, Major, ii 161. Moubah, the, i 232. Moukabala, the, i 232. Mound of the Jew, ii 108. Moussa el Akbad, arrested, ii 146.

M'tse, king of Uganda, i 149, 153. Muhamed IJey Islam, Dr., ii 114. Mulk, the, i 232. Multazim, or lords of villages, i 84. Mummies, proposed desecration of, 199. Murad Bey, i 10, 14. Musa, Emir, killed at Abu-KIea, iv 21.

Napier, Commodore Sir Charles, i 77. Napoleon III., his arbitration on the Suez Canal claim, i 226.

Nassi--Kkeir, Nile steamer, iii 234; her passage of a cataract, iii 238. Navarino, battle of, i 60.

Nefiche, on the railway, ii T07. Newman, Lieutenant, killed, iv 252. Newson, Colonel, commands at Mihalla, ii 10. Newspaper correspondents. Gen. Wolseley's objections to, iii 225 ; their enterprise and difficulties, iii 227. Niajn-Niam nation, the, i 108.

INDEX.

Nile, exploration of the, i 119; navigation of the White Nile obstructed by floating islands, i 131; clearing of the channel, i 134; cataracts of the, iii 79, 214; steamers on the, iii 198; voyage up the, iii 211; hauling steamers up, iii 23S; tracking nuggars up, iii 242; reached by General Stewart's column, iv 69; Gordon's steamers on, iv 78; the " penny" steamers on, iv 100. Nile Expedition, fitting out of the, iii 198; provisioning of the boats in the, iii 204; supplies for the, iii 206; money sent to Lord Wolseley, iii 207; route up the Nile, iii 214: resolution to send part across the Bayuda desert, iii 2i8, 265; difficulties of the passage up the river, iii 218; the route from Cairo to Debbeh, iii 223; stations established, iii 223; progress up the river, iii 250; difficulties of the passage, iii 253 ; general order issued to, iii 257; arrival of the Black Watch at Korti, iv 7; collection of supplies, iv 136; arrangements for advance, iv 138 ; raid against El-Zain, iv 140; arrivals at Hamdab, iv 142; the question of food supply, iv 143; details of the preparations, iv 144: advance from Hamdab, iv 146: Birti entered, iv 150; a large quantity of stores discovered, iv 153; news received of the fall of Khartum, iv 154: a short halt, iv 156; speculations as to the future, iv 156; Ix>rd Wolseley's communications to General Earle, iv 157; difficulties of the Shukook Pass, iv 209; arrives at Salamat, iv 210; instructions received from Lord Wolseley, iv 210; relics of Colonel Stewart and the murdered men found, iv 211, 214 ; Suleiman Wad Gamr's house destroyed, iv 211; General Brackenbury crosses the Nile, iv 212; he receives a startling message from Lord Wolseley, iv 216; he falls back to Abu-Dom, iv 217: passing down the rapids, iv siS; final instructions received, iv 218; General Brackenbury bids the column farewell, iv 219; arrival at Korti and end of the expedition, iv 219. Northbrook, Lord, sent to Egypt as high commissioner, \n 184. Northcote, Sir Stafford, his criticisms on the government, ii 127, Nubar Pasha, doubts of his sincerity in suppressing the slave-trade, i 143; his offer to send Zebehr to Gordon, i 162, 190; minister of foreign affairs, i 219: is made chief minister, i 236; iii 5: Gordon's opinion of his ability, iii 13; procures dismissal ofMr. Lloyd, iii 183. Nubia, i 53; iii 213. Nubian Desert, the, i 3. Nuggar, a Nile boat, iii 202.

Obeid, El, capital of Kordofan, ii 209, 215; attacked by the Mahdi, ii 230; surrenders by famine, ii 231; Hicks Pasha's march to, ti 239 ; reign of terror at, iii 145.

RUSSELL O'Donovan, Mr., war correspondent, " 24s. Omdurman, iii 100.

O'Nial, Surgeon-general, iv. 144. Orpen, Mr., administrator of Basutoland, iii 33. Osman Digma, a principal lieutenant oftheMahdi, ii 244; defeated at Tamai, ii 287; how he gained over the Hadendowas, iii 231; reported to be increasing his force, iv 130; resolution to send force against, iv 195; difficulty of reaching, iv 229 ; antecedents of, iv 230; is defeated at Kassala, iv 231 ; his rumoured assault on Suakim, iv 231 ; letter sent to, iv 244 ; operations to crush his power, iv 248; defeat of his forces by General M'Neill, iv 250; defeat and reported death of, at SufeJt, iv 251. Osman Pasha Rifky, i 243. Otao, iv 240; Scots Guards stationed at, iv 256.

Pain, Oliver, reputed journalist, iii 261. Palmer, Professor, murdered by the Arabs, ii 89; question as to his mission, li 148. Palmerston, Lord, I 72, 74, 224. Pelusium, ancient site of, ii 99. Petherick, Mr. John, consul, i 121.

Philse, ancient monuments of, iU 78. Piggott, Lieutenant, ii 44, 47. Plowden, Mr., murdered, i 116. Port Said, rise of, ii 96. Power, Mr., at Khartum, iti 39; his telegram to Sir E. Baring, iii 46 ; murder of, iii 245.

Prisons, state of the native, ii 145, 150; at Khartum, iii 99. Prout, Colonel, i 158. Pyramids, battle of the, i 13.

Rabi, chief of rebel band, i 198, sii. Radford, Bumaby's orderly, iv 36, 39. Railway, first constructed in Egypt, i 103; to Ismailia and Suez, {228; from Cairo to Ismailia, ii 106; from Suakim to Berber, iii 193; iv 232; slow progress of, iv 248, 256, 257. Rameses, Ramses, ii 36, 107. Ramleh, taken by the British, ii 4. Raouf Pasha, i 147, 184, 213; support:* the Mahdi, iii 98. Ras Aloula, i 212; iv 240, 261.

Ras-el-Ech, on the Canal, ii 99. Ras-el-Teen lighthouse, i 229. Rashia Bey, Mudir of Fashoda, ii 221; beaten by the Mahdi's troops, ii 222. Rassam, M., ii 214. Regaf, post established at, i 154, Riaz Pasha, forms a ministry, i 241; dismissed, i 250. Richardson, Colonel, commander of Australian contingent, iv 175. Ring, Baron de, i 244. Roberts, Colonel, iv 175.

Rolfe, Commander, his daring reconnai.ssance, ii 283. Romiily, Captain, killed, iv 252. Rowsell, Mr, Francis W., ii 122.

Russell, Sir Baker, at Kassassin, ii 45.