44 UGANDA AND THE EGYPTIAN SOUDAN.

easily shifted from one shoulder to another. Square boxes are much disliked, and it is often difficult to get men to carry them ; and therefore all trunks for clothing and other personal property should be long and narrow 36 inches by 15, and a foot deep, is about the best size. The cloth for barter, bongo, and presents is always packed by the trader from whom it is purchased, in long sausage-shaped bales, which are covered with matting. Small heavy loads, such as nails, bolts, tools, and even books, should be made up into two equal weights and secured to each end of a pole, to be carried on the shoulder. Loads which require two men to carry them are also much disliked by the porters, and I have known a man choose to carry a shaft of 110 Ibs. weight alone rather than share it with another man; the reason being that in going up or down steep hills and in crossing swamps a double load is extremely awkward, and if one man should stumble it throws a terrible strain on the other. The average load which a Mnyamwezi porter will carry is two frasila, or 70 Ibs., the frasila being 35 Ibs. ; to this, however, they add their cooking pots, arms, ammunition, cloth, which they have received as hire, and any other property they may have with them, so that the total weight they carry is little short of 1(JO Ibs. The Wang'uana porters however, who have been previously mentioned, will rarely carry more than 45 or 50 Ibs.

The order of a day's march is generally as follows.