ZANZIBAB. 17 and sit up night after night to watch him and give him food and water. It must never be forgotten that the Wang'uana are really great children, and what they need is gentle but firm treatment, and in cases where punishment is considered necessary great care should be taken to make sure that it is justly inflicted, as they have a keen sense of unjust chastisement and strongly resent it.

Another class found in Zanzibar, and consisting chiefly of negroes, are the so-called mafundi, or skilled workmen, some of whom are usually found in an explorer's caravan. They are mostly masons, carpenters, ship-builders and blacksmiths, and we had several of them attached to our party to assist in building boats and houses when we arrived at our destination in the distant interior. The rate of pay which these men receive is decidedly high compared with wages generally at Zanzibar, being, during the whole of the time they are in the interior, ten dollars per month besides their food. Some of them are really good workmen, but the majority are idle, careless fellows whose object is to shirk their work as far as possible, and who consequently need constant supervision. The carpenters sit down to do almost everything, and use their tools generally in exactly the opposite way to English workmen, pulling the plane towards them and having the teeth of their saws set the reverse way to ours. They have as great an aversion to a straight line as nature VOL. i. c