GOVERNMENT AND LANGUAGE. 195 cases have to come before the leading bakungu, the katikiro, or even the king himself; and the accused has always the right of appeal from a lower to a higher authority. There is, of course, no written law by which cases are decided, but there are certain principles of equity, in accordance with which decisions are given. Both plaintiff and defendant plead their own cause, and call witnesses, but crossexamination of witnesses excepting by the judge is not allowed. The decisions given often display a vast amount of shrewdness and knowledge of character. Besides those already mentioned there are two persons of great importance about the court, and these are the chief brewer and head cook.

They hold a high position at court, sit near the king, and take part. in the great council.

The Luchiko, or council, is the real governing | body of the nation. It consist of the king, katikiro, bakungu, and leading batongoli, together with the chief cook, brewer, and one or two other sycophants. Under ordinary circumstances this council meets every day, and spends some hours in discussing the affairs of the nation. It is usually summoned and dismissed at the king's pleasure, but on special occasions the chiefs have the right to demand that it be assembled if they think fit. In minor points the king can act as he pleases, but in all important affairs he is bound to consult the council, which is largely influenced by the three leading o 2