UGANDA AND THE WAGANDA. 191 yembe Speke and Burton's old Eas Kafilah used to send, some of his head slaves up to Uganda to trade, and the 200 slaves which I have just mentioned belonged to him.

The bulk of the ivory taken in Uganda comes into Mtesa's hands, and also a good deal from Usoga, chiefly as tribute ; this is all sold to the Arab traders for cloth and guns, and ultimately finds its way to Zanzibar. There was formerly a small trade with the Soudan, coffee, tobacco, mbugu, and cattle being exchanged for fezes, calico, and red slippers. But since the evacuation of Mruli by the Egyptian troops all communication with the North is at an end.

There exists a small amount of internal trade in salt, mbugu, dried fish, and the various articles of native manufacture, but it is of very slight importance, and does not of course add in any way to the wealth or prosperity of the country.

As will have been gathered from what has been already mentioned, trade is carried on by means of barter, and money, strictly speaking, is never used ; still there is a recognised standard of value to which everything is referred, and that is the doti, four yards or eight cubits, of unbleached calico. Two doti are the price of a cow, and a shuka, or half a doti, of a goat or sheep. Cowries, which are brought from the East Coast, are the small change of Uganda.

.They are used in strings of one hundred each, ten