GENERAL ROUTINE WORK 57 proper treatment when it is acquired, a great step would have been taken to ameliorate their sad condition. Such methods of instruction are now being put in foice, and I believe their value will ere long be apparent.

Gonorrhoea is common, and is called Salan in Egypt and Bagal in the Sudan.1 (3) Surgical Affections Concerning these I do not feel qualified to speak. All that one would say is that sarcoma and carcinoma both occur, and there have been some cases tending to prove that the native who has never lived in contact with the white man is not. immune.

One may also note the frequency of both inguinal and umbilical hernias.

u Veterinary Diseases ” As regards veterinary diseases, parasitic worms are very prevalent in horses, and I have little doubt, account for a good deal of the mortality amongst these animals. The armed strongyles which produce thrombosis, aneurism, and death occur as does Spiroptera microstoma which causes curious cystic tumours in the walls of the stomach and occasionally peritonitis, the result of suppuration and rupture. The bot of the warble fly Gastrophilus equi is met with and so is a trematode, which I think is identical with Gastrodiscus Sonsinoi. There seems to be an idea prevalent that the so-called 66 star sickness ” of horses, so named in reference to the astronomical conditions obtaining at the time of year it occurs, is dependent on parasitic infection. Lieut.-Colonel Griffith, however, assures me that it is the same as the South African form of horse sickness known as “ big head,” and he has sent the museum a typical specimen of a stomach from such a case. Texas fever probably occurs in a latent form amongst Sudanese cattle.

1 For information regarding the drugs employed by the natives, see a paper on the subject in the Journal of Tropical Medicine, April 15th, 1904