174 TO THE LAND OF THE NEGROID circumstances was absent, to fall in with the plan of non-interference with the more regular labour ; and, now that their energies are not required for warlike purposes, it is necessary to divert them into directions which will ultimately lead to the creation of necessities hitherto undreamt of, and consequently the obligation to work, and thus take a useful part in the world.

This is the basis of education here, and the spectacle of a hundred or so Shilluks engaged in levelling disused embankments was evidence of a beginning, in whatever light they themselves may have regarded it.

It is extraordinary what progress has been made in winning these people's confidence and in gaining more control ; it must have been difficult to make them believe that conditions had changed, and that they were no longer subject to slave raids and extortion. Their numbers, as seen on the banks up the river, have increased enormously ; from not far above Fashoda to the great bend of the river the villages seem unceasing, while their herds have increased twentyfold. For many years the policy of dealing with these tribes has been in the hands of one Governor, whose consistent and enlightened ideals have been fruitful of good.

A long line of buildings half a mile in extent it made, this Fashoda, or Kodok, as they now choose to name it. To the north was the Governor's " palace," on the site of the camp of Marchand, his garden in some sort remaining, but all else dis-