162 TO THE LAND OF THE NEGROID quitoes, and dressed their hair in clay, cowries, and cowdung.

One is accustomed from babyhood upward to consider Adam and Eve as somewhat refined personaUties, with white skins and good looks, albeit, through sheer force of circumstances, objectionably careless of clothing. But what foundation have we for such charming ideals ? As creations, in mind they were certainly crude ; as mere products of Darwinian evolution, they would be but a single advance beyond brutes. The Dinka is distinctly ahead of his parents in Eden, for while they yielded to instinct, just as savages might, they had none but the simplest codes to follow—simple through mere paucity of population ; but the Dinka has many more temptations, has propounded elaborate laws, and on the whole fairly abides by them, such as they are ! He is no more naked than were Adam and Eve in the Garden, and, where the Tree of Knowledge grows by the civilized river-side, follows their later example. So we see our first parents as poor, untutored barbarians, quite unable to appreciate their manifold advantages, and as a disheartening failure 1 The name Adam is still so widespread among the Arab tribes that it may seem a surprise that the name of his wife is not heard as we know it in Europe. But Adam, of course, was barbarian, and he and his sons would consider mere woman unworthy a thought, much less worth naming in history. So the deficiency must have been rectified