160 TO THE LAND OF THE NEGROID worn outside the white drawers—then a band of ShiUuks, and another of half-naked Dinkas, the chief of whom was dressed in resplendent attire, and, to the best of my judgment, came near 7 feet in height.

The Shilluks from the opposite side of the river possessed the same habits, and their hair-dressing was as remarkable as their appearance in general. With a view to warding off the attacks of mosquitoes, they cover themselves from head to foot with wood or cowdung ash, fortified, I believe, with cow's urine, taking care to attend to their faces. The effect is most ghastly, for only their lips and a space round the eyes are free from the ash, which gives an appearance of decay to the skin.

This practice extends amongst many of these tribes, and was in particular use with the Nuers.

In both cases, wood not being always available, dried cowdung is used in its place, the heaps of burnt ash coming in handy as mattresses for the night's rest.

Their dance was a study in savage hostility, a contrast indeed to present-day warfare. They transported me back to the Iron Age, which indeed is their stage of development. Forward they came at full speed, bending low with their spears in queer, spider-like rushes, here and there crouching to ground, retreating, and coming on fiercely again. Their delight was extreme, and so was the dust they created.

The Arab dance differed entirely. Rather than