Muhammad Abbasa - 30 -Annals of Heritage Magazine After it.

12 - Anonymous: Al-Istibsar fi 'Aja'ib al-Amsar, Kuwait 1985, p. 217 . And after it.

13 - See, Ibn Battuta: The Journey, edited by Muhammad Abdel Moneim Al-Arian, Dar Ihya ' al-'Ulum, 1st ed., Beirut 1407 AH -1987 AD, Vol. 2, p. 695 . And after it.

14 - See, Al-Hasan bin Muhammad Al-Wazzan Al-Fasi: Description of Africa, translated by Muhammad Hajji and Muhammad Al-Akhdar, Dar Al-Gharb Al-Islami, 2nd ed., Beirut 1983, Vol. 2, p. 159 . And after it.

15 - See, A group of researchers: The Arabic language in Nigeria, King Abdullah Center, 1st ed., Riyadh 2017 AD.

16 - See, G.D. Feige: History of West Africa, translated by Dr. Al-Sayed Youssef Naseer, Dar Al-Ma'arif, 1st ed., Cairo 1982 AD, p. 289 . See also, Dr. Sheikho Ahmed Gladan: The movement of the Arabic language and its literature in Nigeria 1804 AD -1966 AD, Dar Al-Ma'arif, Cairo 1982 AD, p. 60 .

17 -See, Dr. Ismat Abdel Latif Dandash: The role of the Almoravids in spreading Islam in West Africa, Dar Al-Gharb Al-Islami, 1st ed., Beirut 1988 AD, p. 141 . And after it.

18 - See, Dr. Amer Samba: Senegalese Arabic Literature, National Company for Publishing and Distribution, Algeria 1979 AD, Vol. 1, p. 45 .