18 (No. 99 GEOGRAPHY 6 Settled Tribes Most of the tribes have reached their present situa tion as a result of migratory movements which have been in progress for centuries. European influences tend to fix each tribe in the locality it occupied twenty or thirty years ago, but the migrations can hardly be said to have ceased.

One important result of these migrations is that one tribe occasionally attains a position of ' over lord ' over another : there are three important in stances of the domination of a more intelligent people over a more numerous, less capable folk. South of the Sankuru the Bushongo, who originally came from the Shari district in the French Sudan, maintain a dominant position among the Bakuba ; the Watussi are the leading race near Lake Kivu ; and the Avunguru Azande exert a dominating influence on the Bakango, Ababua, and Abarambo of the Welle-Bomokandi district.

In recent years the demands of Europeans for labourers have introduced a new element which causes movements of the people, but not necessarily a.change in the permanent home of a tribe . At Stanley Pool so many workers are needed that Bangala from the middle Congo and Batetela from the east of the upper Sankuru are employed in large numbers . When these natives are accompanied by their women the stability of the tribal settlements is disturbed.

Europeans On 1 Jan. , 1918 there were 6,266 Europeans in the Congo. 3,263 of them were Belgians, while the remainder included representatives of various nation alities. Outside of Katanga they are either Govern ment officials, traders, miners and prospectors, or mis