Anglo 95 Sudan-Egyptian ] LABOUR CONDITIONS border, and find employment in carrying ivory former chants. The valueof a negro woman beingvery. much higher in the northern Moslem countries than in the south , the majority of the women accompanying these parties remain in the Sudan .

( 6 ) Labour Conditions A labour bureau was inaugurated in 1908 . Its headquarters are at Khartum, where it works in co-operation with the governors of the provinces . Reports on the working of thescheme andthe registra tion of Sudanese labourers show that the bureau is succeeding in its main object, namely, to increase Government control over the labouring population. This is especially the case in Khartum andin other large centres of population . The report for 1914 states: “ The supply of unskilled labourers during this year has been fully equal to the demand , and the services of the Labour Bureau in this respect have in consequence been little utilised . The demand for the supply of skilled labourers has exceeded that of past years, particularly in the case of private companies , severalof whom have engaged the greater part of their workmen through the medium of the Bureau .'

The total number of Sudanese casual labourers registered throughout the country in 1914 was 11,443, and of mugadamin (gangmen ) 515. Twelve gangmen and 527 labourers had been registered in the course of The average daily wage for these casual labourers was 31 to 4 piastres (8 d . to 10d . ) , as in previous years. A scheme to assist ex -soldiers of the Egyptian Army to obtain civil employment had been put in force, and the bureau had been successful in obtaining situations as watchmen, storekeepers, & c ., for a number of ex-soldiers who were too old for manual labour.

Reports in 1914 from various provinces called atten tion to the fall in the rate of wages. At Kassala the rate fell as low as 21 piastres per day, but roseon the commencement of the rains. In the White Nile pro the year .