Anglo-Egyptian] TRANSPORT ANIMALS 69 Transport Animals . — The camel is the most useful animal for transport purposes north of about 12° north latitude. Large numbers of donkeys and mules are also used, and these are indispensable in the hilly regions . In southern Kordofan bulls are used for riding , and merchandise is carried on pack -oxen . The horse also is bred and used for riding purposes in Kordofan, in parts of the Dongola province, and in the northern portion of the Gezira (between the White and the Blue Niles ) , but its incapacity to travel long dis tances without water detracts from its utility . Ponies and country -breds are to be obtained near the Abyssinian border. The principal horse-owning tribes in the Sudan are the Homr and the Messeria - Baggara in southern Kordofan . Some of the horses bred by the latter are trained to travel, in an emergency , as much as 60 miles without water .

The chief breeding grounds of the camel are to be found in the Nubian desert ( between the Nile, north of Berber, and the Red Sea ) , and in the Kababish and other districts in southern Dongola, also in the Hadendoa country, inthe Red Sea province, and in northern Kordofan . In these districts a better breed of camel is produced than the slow transport animal of Lower Egypt. The average camel load is 360 lb., and the average daily distance à baggage camel will travel is about 20 miles. Camels on themarch usually require watering every third day.

Mules are only obtainable from Abyssinia, or from Gedaref, Gallabat, Roseires,' and Itang; they are suitable for pack -transport, but not for draught work .

Donkeys are to be bought in most parts of the country . The usual donkey load is from 110to 150 lb .; and if the whole journey is not long , progress can be made at the rate of 20 miles a day. The Sudan donkey does both riding and baggage work , but the Abyssinian animal objects to being ridden . Pack -oxen are used in southern Kordofan and in northern Bahr el-Ghazal. They are docile animals of the hump backed species , and can carry from 150 to 200 lb.

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