64 [No. 98 PRESENT CONDITIONS GENERAL OBSERVATIONS Summary of Progress . The European War Twenty years have passed (1918) since the reconquest of the Sudan . In this short space of time much pro gress has been made. There have been instituted systems of administration, both central and local, of jurisdiction, and of education, and a civil service Peace has been secured and order maintained Fanatical outbreaks have been instantly checked . Slavery has been suppressed . No enemy has attacked from outside . The rebel Sultan of Darfur has been slain and his country annexed . Intertribal warfare has been greatly diminished . Friendly relations have . been constantly maintained with neighbouring admini. strations. Only in the Nuba Mountains and in the Nuer country are militaryexpeditions still needed, and these on no large scale . The administration has not yet fully penetrated to the south -eastern and western extremities of the country. The state of the Abyssinian frontie : is one of constant unrest ;and the work of pacification is thusnot yet fullycomplete . But by farthe greater . part of the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan is now a land at rest. Perhaps for the first time in the whole history of thecountry, a man's life is now secure against violence, and his property against injustice and extortion . Much remains to be done, but the experience of the years 1898-1918 suggests no change of method or temper in the administration. The needs of the Sudan are obvious. Capital is wanted for many schemes, first and foremost for railway extension. Labour is hard to find --for Arab dignity is the product of many genera tions accustomed to the mastery of slaves ; and negro inertia is content with a minimum of comfort if it may enjoy repose . Education may bewidely extended. A Government is needed in Abyssinia strong enough to keepthe peace on its borders. The Civil Service is too short-handed. Economic development lags far behind its possibilities . But progress, in all respects, has been