THE OPPOSING FORCES. 703 and mountain batteries. East of the hills, another thoughinferior roadruns from Velestino by Halmyros to Platinos, and thence a mule track leads over the eastern spurs of Othrys to the head of the Channel of EubSa. This road was watched by Smolenski's brigade, and near Halmyros it was within range of the guns of the Greek fleet that lay off the shore in the Gulf of Volo.

The Greek arm)' at Domokos received its supplies and reinforcements through Lamia. They were landed at Stylis, and sent on by Lamia and thePhurka Pass. A few carts and a great number of mules and camels were the means of transport for provisions, and the difficulties of the commissariat were such that for many days supplies were short, and the troops had tobe content with a scanty ration of bread and cheese. Not only had 30,000 combatants to be supplied, but also some 40,000 civilian refugees, men, women, and children from all parts of Thessaly, who had abandoned their homes as the Greek army retreated, and were now camped alongthe road andin the valley of the Hellada about Lamia. The weather was day General Nury Pasha arrived at Larissa at thehead of a brigade of eight regular battalions belonging to the Adrianople army corps. These 4,000 men were perfectly equipped,and, instead of the Martini, they were armed with new Mauser repeating rifles. They bore the brunt of the fighting on the Turkish side at Domokos.

On May 15th Hakki Pasha was at Velestino with the 5th Division ready to advance against Halmyros. Edhem Pasha had with him the 1st, 2nd,3rd, 4th,and 6th Divisions,the Adrianople brigade, the cavalry brigade, and the reserve artillery. This gave him a totalforce of 50,8co infantry, 1,200 cavalry, and 168 guns (three horse batteries, twenty field batteries, four mountain batteries, and one howitzer battery). He had thus more than twice as many guns, and nearly twice as many troops,as tlae Greek main army.

On the 16th the Turkish main army was concentratedin the neighbourhood of Pharsala, and the final preparations were made and the orders issued for the advance next day. The battle of Domokos was in many ways a repetition of the battle of Pharsala. On botia occasions the Turkish staff arranged for a two days' fight. On tlae first day the Greek outposts were to be driven in, and a turning force was to establish itself on the flank of their position. On the secondday the attack wa- to be rushed home, and the Greek retreat cut off as they were driven from their entrenched position. In both cases only the first part ol the programme was executed, the Greekretiring before the second part of the plan could be carried out.

bad, and very few either of the soldiers or the refugeeshad tents to shelter them. Reduced to astate ofinactionamidst this widespreadmisery, the troops were in a state of discouragement that led to numerous desertions.

The Crown Prince had received reinforcements to the extent of a few thousands. A newly-formed line battalion had arrived from Athens, also 700 reserve cavalrymen without horses, and a number of Garibaldians and volunteers for the Foreign Legion. Two battalions of Euzonoi and a field battery had been brought from Volo bysea to Stylis when Volo wasabandoned,and hadmarchedup to Domokos. Inall the Crown Prince had about 30,000 men with him and seventy-two field and mountain guns. Besides these, five heavy siege guns had been mounted— one on the citadel of Domokos, the others onboldspurs of the ridge commanding the plain. Smolenski had about 10,000 men, regulars and irregulars, at Halmyros and Platanos. The want of discipline of some of the latter forced him to warn them away from hiscamps.

On the Turkish side, though no less than fifty-six battalions of reservists had been called out and were on the march to Thessaly and Epirus, none of them had actually reached the front. On May 15th, however, Edhem Pa-ha received an important reinforcement. On that According to the orders for the 17th, the Turkish main army was to be divided into two wings. Tlae right wing was to advance upon the front of the Domokos position, drivein the advanced troops of the Greeks from the plain, and bring the fire of its artillery to bear upon the fortified heightsheldby the Crown Prince's army. Meanwhile,the left wing was to establish itself in the hills on the right front and right flank of the Greeks, and be ready next day (the 18th) to act upon their flank andrear. The detailed ordersfor the right wing may be thus summarised:— Thtf force employed was to be the Cavalry Brigade, the Reserve Artillery, the ist Division under Hairi, and tlae 2nd under Neshat, with Nury Pasha's Adrianople brigade added to it for the day. The Adrianople brigade was to advance by the main road on Domokos, with another of