THE SUBMISSION OF THE AFRIDIS. 531 the knoll. He was attacked by a largeforce of Afridis. Another knoll to the east of the crest, and onhis right, was held by a third company of the Yorkshires. Word was now sent up to the knoll on the left for the companies to retire, when the Sikhs and the other company could follow them down. But they replied that they could not move without help, they had so many mendeador wounded to carry with them. So Haughton determined to hold the crest of the pass till Seppings could send up further support; otherwisethetwo Yorkshire companies must be destroyed. Outnumbered, pressed by the advancing enemy, who was now coming to close quarters,Haughtonand the Sikhs made a gallant fight. His adjutant,Turing, was with him, and some of the Yorkshiremen had joined tlaelittle party. It was Colonel Haughton's last battle. By a stroke of ill-fortune the veteran, whose courage, coolness and resource had been the admirationofall during the Tirah campaign, fell in this the last hard fight on the border.

ments, and these secured it from further molestation.

There were grave fears that this unfortunate day's work wouldput an end to the negotiations in progress with the Afridis and encourage their chiefs to further resistance. On the 31st, however, when Westmacott revisited Shin Kanaar with a strong column to bring in the bodies of the dead, and twenty-two of them were brought back, the enemy made no opposition to the advance, and only tried in a half-hearted way to interfere with the retirement. There were very few casualties.

But up to this (January 31st) the losses on the border had passed1,100 killed and wounded, besides the heavier losses through sickness. No one wanted another campaign in the spring. The tribes were more weary of war than the British-Indian army was. Through February and March the negotiations dragged on, while the Afridis were blockaded in their hills. At last the headmencamein and submitted to the Government terms, made as light as possible in order not to drive so dangerous an enemy to exasperation. On April 4th Sir William Lockhart relinquished the command of the Tirah force in a General Order, in which he praised, as they deserved, the excellent spirit and patient endurance of all ranks. The submission of the tribes was largely due to Sir William's own personalinfluence on the border. Not the least striking featureof the dayof hisdeparturefrom Peshawur was the demonstration in his honour by a number of the tribesmen who had come into the city from the adjacent passes. They cheered the general to the echo, and if they hadbeen permitted the}- would have taken him fromhis carriageand carried him shoulder high.

''All fought well," wrote an officer who was present toColonel Hutchinson. "Haughton and Turing diedlike heroes. Haughton,apparently, wentforward withhalf a dozen men to see what wasgoing on on the left, and how he could best help the Yorkshires. Turing followed with a couple ofSikhs. One of these was killedby his side, and as men were dropping fast, and the enemy getting close, Turing proposed a charge, but was almost immediately shot dead. Haughton was himselfusing a rifle at this time to keep the enemy in check. He evidently saw it was nouse, for turning to a Yorkshireman nearhim, he said, 'We will fire a few more shots, then charge, and die likemen!' He fired five times, andthen fell, shot through the head. A better and a braver manneverlived." In telling the story of the Indian frontier campaigns of 1897-98 it is not possible strictly to observe the exact order of time, and some minor operations which took place on other parts of the border during the Tirah campaign may now be briefly referred to. Towards the end of November, while the operations in Tirah were still in progress, a portion of Sir Bindon Blood's force was despatched into the Utman Khel country to the west of theMalakand Pass. The column wascommanded by Colonel A.J.F. Reid, with the temporary rank of brigadiergeneral. The Utman Khel had taken part in the attack on the Malakand, and, though not actively hostile, were hesitating about making their submission. Reid's column made its way through their country without encountering any Reinforcements now came up under Major Earle of the Yorkshires, and the crest and the knolls were evacuated, some of the dead and all wounded being carried back. There was close fighting still tokeep the Afridis at bay, so close that the officers were using their revolvers. Besides Haughton and Turing, Lieutenants Walker and Dowdall, who had led the Yorkshire in the recapture of the knoll, werekilled. Lieutenant Hughes,of the same regiment, was killed in the retirement, and Major Earle, Captain Marrable, and Lieutenant Hall were wounded. The total loss was fifty-nine, or »hom twenty-seven were killed and thirty-two wounded. As it left the pass the column was met by General Westmacott with reinforce-