THE SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR. 424 hostilities shall be suspended,and to that effect in the two countries orders shall be givenby either government to the commanders of its land and sea forces as speedily as possible.

This instrument put an end to the war, thoughnominally its result wasnot peace, buta mere cessation of hostilities to afford time for negotiations on the basis here set forth. The III. The United States will occupy and retain the city and bay of Manila, and the port of Manila, pending the conclusion of a treaty of peace, which shall determine the control and form of government of thePhilippines.

IV. Spain will immediately evacuate Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the other islands now under Spanish sovereignty in the Antilles. To this effect, each of the two governments will appoint commissioners within ten days after the signing of this protocol, and these commissioners shall meet at Havana within thirty days after the HE CATHEDRAL, HAVANA signing of this protocol, with the object of coming to an agreement regarding the carrying out of the details of the aforesaid evacuation of Cuba and other adjacent Spanishislands. Andeach of the two governments shall likewise appoint within ten days after the signing of this protocol other commissioners, who shall meet at San Juan de PuertoRico within thirty days after the signing of this protocol,-to agree uponthe details of the evacuation of Puerto Rico and the other islands now under Spanish sovereignty in the Antilles.

V. Spain and the United States shall appoint,to treat for peace, five commissioners at the most for either country. The commissioners shall meet in Paris on October ist, at latest, to proceed to negotiations, and to the conclusion of a treaty of peace. This treaty shall be ratified in conformity with the constitutional laws of each of the two countries.

VI. Once this protocol is concluded and signed definite treaty was drawn up and signedby the commissioners in Paris in October, not without a struggle on the part of Spain to obtain the transfer of the Cuban debt to the new government at Havana, and the possession of the Philippines, to which the United States laid claim, without yet definitely deciding whether they weretobecome an American possession or a free republic under a temporary American protectorate. At oneperiod of the negotiations the hesitation of Spain was met by a threat to break off the armistice and send Commodore Watson's squadron to seize the Canaries or bombard Cadiz. Finally, Spain yielded on all points, the United States agreeing to pay a