402 THE NATIVE MANUSCRIPTS iv.d7.cccx.

CCCX The next Hakimdar was Garkas 'Ali Pasha. He stayed at

el Khartoum for some time. And in his days Effendina 'Abd el Hah'm Pasha honoured the country with a visit, but he did not remain for long, for cholera, known as el rih elasfar, broke out; and when the

epidemic was at its height, namely in Ragab '73^, the doctors advised a change of air for him, so he went by boat up the White Nile, and thence returned to Berber without leaving his boat once until he reached el Khartoum. From Berber he returned to el Mahrusa.

CCCXI Now this epidemic killed great numbers of the people and penetrated to every part of the Sudan ; and among the notables who died from it was Sheikh Abd el Kadir el Sheikh el Zayn, Sheikh el Maslidikh of the Gezira of Sennar and el Khartoum, a noble and

good man, and one of the greatest in the land. He died at el Khar-

toum and was buried there, and every community was represented

at his burial, as well as the Hakimdar and the vice-Hakimdar.

CCCXII There also died Sheikh Yasi'n, Sheikh el Mashdikh in Kordofan Province, one of the greatest in the land; and Sheikh

el Terayfi ibn el Sheikh Ahmad el Rayyah el 'Araki ; and the feki 'Omar Bakadi, the famous man of learning (God bless him!); and many of the nobles.

CCCXI 1 1 And 'Ali Pasha Garkas, after the departure of H, E. 'Abd el Halim Pasha, remained as Hakimdar until the coming of Effendina Muhammad Sa'id Pasha.

CCCXI V The last-named [returned] to Egypt in '73 ^ after a short stay at el Khartoum, and [before] his return he dismissed the Hakimdar and appointed Arakil Bey el Armani Governor of the whole of the Gezira

of Sennar and el Khartoum on the i6th of Rabfa Thdni 1273^.

CCCXV Arakil Bey remained Governor until his death in '75 . . .

(The author says he was a skilful and well-endowed statesman of kind disposition, and all went well during the first part of his rule because he took the advice of Sheikh el Zubayr, who had succeeded his father Sheikh 'Abd el Kadir; but mischief-makers caused a breach between them and el Zubayr fled to Cairo "and remained there as a mu'dwin in the Interior." Arakil Bey then ceased taking the advice of any of the native notables of influence and increased his severity, so that he completely alienated most of the Sheikhs, and some of them even revolted and took to the hills.). . .

CCCX VI In Ragab 1275* Hasan^ Bey Salama el Garkasi was ap-

pointed in his stead as Governor. This Bey was a man of bad natural attributes, coarse and rough, ignorant of statesmanship and unfitted for rule, but withal regular in his prayers, a keeper of faith and temperate.

^ 1857 A.D. 2 1857 A.D. ^ 1857 A.D. ■* 1859 A.D. 5 reading ^--a- for