360 THE NATIVE MANUSCRIPTS iv.d7.x.

know that these men are by origin Nuba, for their language has become Arabic and their complexion assimilated to that of the Arabs

as a result of cross-breeding with them.

XI And indeed the immigration of Arabs to the Sudan increased

greatly, most of them belonging to the tribes of Himyar, Rabi'a, Beni 'Amir, Kahtan, Kenana, Guhayna, Beni Yashkur, Beni Kahil, Beni Dhubian, Beni 'Abs (viz. the Kababish), Fezara and Beni Selim.

XII And King 'Omara continued living at Sennar, carrying on the affairs of state, until he died in the year 940^ after a reign of 30 years.

XIII He was succeeded by his son 'Abd el Kadir, who reigned ten years and died in 950^,

XIV After him reigned his brother King Nail, and he resided at Sennar like his father and brother, carrying on the government for

twelve years. He died in 962^.

XV His successor was King 'Omara Abu Sakaykin, one of the royal

family, and in his days died 'Abdulla Gema'a, and in his place 'Omara appointed his son Sheikh 'Agib el Kafuta as Sheikh of Kerri. And

'Omara continued at Sennar, carrying on the government, until his death in 970^ after a reign of eight years.

XVI King Dekin walad Nail then came to the throne. He was one

of the greatest of the kings of the Fung. He reorganized the adminis-

tration in the best possible manner, and made fixed laws that no one

of all the people of his kingdom might transgress ; and to every dis-

trict of his kingdom he appointed a chief; and to such as were wont to be seated in his presence he gave a definite order of precedence when they were so seated in the council chamber ; and he ceased not to devote himself to the organization of his realms until, afte rreigning

fifteen^ years, he died in 985*^.

XVII He was succeeded by King Tabl, who followed in the foot-

steps of King Dekin until his death in 997^ after reigning twelve years.

XVIII Tabl was succeeded by King Ounsa, who reigned ten years.

XIX Then King 'Abd el Kadir reigned for six years, and died in 1013*^. XX He was succeeded by King 'Adlan walad Aya, and in his reign Sheikh 'Agib rebelled, and the king sent a large army against him and a battle was fought near Kalkol, and Sheikh 'Agib was slain and his hosts routed, and his family fled towards Dongola. Then the king

^ 1533 A.D. - 1543 A.D. 3 1554 A.D. ■^ 1562 A.D. 5 reading "fifteen" for "twelve."

® 1577 A.D. ' 1589 A.D, ^ 1604 A.D.