IV. D 6. XVII. OF THE SUDAN 345

XI The reason of their being called by this name was that they had an ancestor who was black and hideous to look upon, and so his

father's sister called him "Beetle" {Gu'al), and the tribe was called after him.

XII The Kawahla. They include the family of Kahil son of

'Omara son of Khalifa son of Ibayrak son of Muhammad son of Selim son of Khalid son of el Walid. And they include innumerable tribes in various places, all in the South. Most of them live in the desert of the Bega and seldom come down to the Nile ; nor do they pass the site at Soba called Balula.

XIII Fezara. a well-known sub-tribe of Tami'm. They have been settled in the Sudan since the conquest of el Bahnasa. Their story is well known.

XIV GuHAYNA. They are famous among the tribes of the Arabs and there is no need to relate wherein their fame lies. In the Sudan

they include the family of Sa'id ibn Gamil, and the family of Madir ibn 'Amir, and the family of Musa'ad ibn Kelayb, and the family of Bathan ibn Dagna.

The reason of their emigration (^.^y^-^j^) was that 'Asam el Moghrabi, king of Berbera, slew a number of their merchants; and God knows best. Then they went out against him and conquered his country and looted its wealth ; and so they continued until, as men-

tioned above, Ga'al came and defeated them and conquered the country; and Guhayna became a subject people therein, and they

entered the island of Anagi'l the Begawi after his stock had died out and his rule come to an end.

XV The Shukria are the family of Shukr ibn Adrak, and their

pedigree goes back to 'AbduUa el Gawad son of Ga'afir el Tiar son of Abu Talib.

They are a great tribe and their stock continues to the present day. I do not know what was the reason of their emigration.

XVI The Hasania are similarly descended from Ga'afir el Tiar. They are the sons of Hasan ibn Gamil and their pedigree goes back

to 'Abdulla el Gawad ibn Ga'afir el Tiar. Their pedigree and that of the children of Shukr meet in the person of 'Ali el Zayni.

XVII The 'Animia are the descendants of 'Anim ibn Gawad el

Ya'arebi, a very small tribe. Of their number was a certain clever

man called 'Ali, who in the time of Barakat was his companion. Now he loved making mischief and stirred up Barakat and his people to revolt; and the nomads oifered prayers against him, and Almighty

God caused him to be overcome, and they took him prisoner and enslaved him for a time. Then Barakat attacked them and rescued