IV. D 5. XXXIV. OF THE SUDAN 341

VIII "Simula" («,««»*j) is a mongrel beast, the offspring of the wolf begotten from the hyaena (so Lane's Dictionary).

The meaning of '' Hanid" if that be the true reading, is unknown: the same applies to " Makdsli."

IX For other mentions of this participation of Shaiki'a women in battle see Cailliaud (Chap, xxv) and NichoUs, pp. 10, 21 and 31.

XI The custom of granting a man as much land as he could gallop round is said to have been not uncommon.

XII Baza (or Basa) lies east of KabOshia. The name is an old one : see Quatremere, who, quoting a mediaeval Arab historian, speaks of the king

of "the Gates" [i.e. Kabushia] and "the Princes of Barah (Bazah), el Takah. . .etc.": this in 1286 a.d. See vol. i, p. 183 and cp. D 6, xli.

XVIII See C 8, xxxii (note) for 'IrakAb.

"People are to be believed. . ." is

For this cp. AB, xxvi and BA, xv and D 6, XL.

The Hammattuwiab or Hammadtuwiab are the descendants of Hammadtu, for whom see D 3, 21 and 158.

XIX By "Ghuldm'' I presume GhulamuUa ibn 'Aid is meant. Cp. Nicholls, p. 39.

XX Cp. Nicholls, p. 19. XXIV In Nicholls (Appendix 11) the Shelufab and Shirayshab are given

as being themselves Shaiki'a. xxvii Cp. Nicholls, Chap. 11.

XXX " SowAkira " is the plural of " sokari" a word used on the river for the village watchman who is chosen by the villagers to take charge of stray goats, etc., that are found damaging their cultivation. He is, in return, paid so much a head by the owner for each animal so impounded.

" ShellAlIl" are inhabitants of the cataracts {"shelldl"). XXXI Cp. Nicholls, p. 50. The descendants of Sowar are generally known as SowArab.

XXXII "HamARTUDAb'' (^^^yj..^^ may possibly be an error for " HamMADTUWiAb" (w>l;>JJs^». or wib^I^,^), q.v. para, xviii.

XXXIII In the mme^KADUNKAB'' or "■KandukAb " we probably have, not a mere misprint, but an instance of the very common Sudanese- Arabic

habit of inverting syllables. Similar examples are '"AdnAlAb" often used for "'AdlAnAb," "istibdlia" for " ishitdlta" (a hospital), "goz" for "zog" (a husband), " lahbat" and "kalbat" (to mix up), etc.

XXXIV Others give the 'AdlAnAb a Kanzi origin (see Appendix to ABC).