296 THE NATIVE MANUSCRIPTS IV. d 3.
The " ^utfa^^ is a howdah, with framework of wood, fixed on the saddle of a camel. It is used on state occasions, such as a ''rahil" (moving the bride to the bridegroom's house) or the moving of camp, for the women-
folk. They are shrouded from view by the hangings and are surrounded by a display of all their household valuables fastened to the saddle outside : see illustrations in MacMichael, Tribes..., pp. 192, 193.
Rds el Fil is on the Blue Nile, south of Rosayres.
The tomb of the "Hag 'Abd el Salam el Begawi" here mentioned is close to Wad Hasuna (see maps).
Musa Ferid is mentioned in No. 66.
"i/e reared a crocodile...'^: for the Arabic see Appendix 27. The reservoir mentioned was Um Kanatir. It is said at Wad Hasuna that the
crocodile was brought from the river by Sheikh Hasan's slaves.
Eight pages of MS. are devoted to this biography. ABC gives Sheikh Hasan's date as 968-1059 a.h. (ABC, x).
133. For this man see D 7, ci, cxxi and ccvii, and cp. Jackson (p. 65), who says he was of the family of Idris wad el Arbab.
Ndsir was the Hamag vizier who ruled the Fung kingdom from 1787 onwards: he was son of Muhammad Abu el Kaylak (see D 7, ci et seq.).
134. Cp. No. 66 (para. 2). See also note to No. 187.
135. The ancestor of the " Faradiyyun."
^' Fard" is "a term used for those rules and ordinances of religion which are said to have been established and enjoined by God Himself, as distin-
guished from those which are established upon the precept or practice of
the Prophet, and which are called 'surma' " (Hughes, p. 124).
''He compiled. . .": for the Arabic see Appendix 28. The fact of his marriage and divorce is taken from No. 252.
136. Cp. No. 58.
For " 'ilm el kaldm " see note to para, viii, supra. " Sannat el Wada'a" is also mentioned in No. iii. Ibrahim had a son Yusef, as is mentioned incidentally in No. 33.
137. For "mufti" see Hughes, pp. 58 and 367. 139. Cp. Nos. 89 and 204. He was called "el Haggar" and died, as we know from No. 204, in 1098 a.h. (1686 a.d.).
140. See note to No. 17. " Bahr " may be an error for " Haggar " (ja^o for^^).
141. See postscript to para, xiii, supra. Sheikh Idris (q.v. also in D 7, xxi) is one of the most famous of all
the "saints" of the Sudan. His kubba is at el 'Aylafun and his family (Mahass) reside there: cp. note to A 9, iii. ABC gives his pedigree in full.
The present generation is the eighth after him, thus: Muhammad ibn Barakat ibn Hammad ibn Muhammad ibn Barakat ibn Medowi ibn Barakat
ibn Hammad ibn el Sheikh Idn's.
His descendants state that the mother of Idn's was Fatima, surnamed " Sulha," the daughter of el Shen'f Hammad Abu Denana {q.v. C8, note xxxii), and that he was born in 913 a.h. (1507 a.d.) and died in 1060 a.h. (1650 a.d.) aged 147 [lunar] years. This information is derived from their