IV. D 3. OF THE SUDAN 283

66. '"Awtlda" is sometimes spelt by the author ^^^ and sometimes ^^y£. and sometimes d-i^^.

Musa Ferid is mentioned in No. 132.

''Sheikh Muhammad " The Arabic is given in Appendix 11. The text here gives "Kashkash" for "Kashash," but the correct form occurs in No. 134.

"£■/ Hadari,'' i.e. one of the HuptJR: very probably 'Isa Kanu (No. 143) is meant. The bracelets and anklets would be an offering to the feki in

return for his services. For the prayer-mat cp. No. 178.

''Fcxg" is here and elsewhere spelt •jj-J^i but the author also often uses the form r^.

''The grace of God" i.e. in Arabic dJUl JJI: this is pronounced " alii idla." " Alii" means "what belongs to " : " hddha li/i" ("this is mine ") in the Sudan is thus the same as the more common " hadha bitdi." " Lili"

is probably an abbreviation of "ill li" the colloquial Arabic for "which is mine" {lit. "to me"), and " alil uHa" would similarly be short for "Hi li ulla" ("that which is to, or belongs to, God"). It will be seen that in this passage the author spells it ^Jt thrice and J-JJI once.

The "Sheikh of Kerri" is Mismar, one of the 'Abdullab MdngHs. I do not know who is the " short pale bald man " unless it be 'Ali ibn Barri (No. 58, q.v.). In No. 58 Mismar is called "el Halashi."

"Strain some merissa for him [i.e. 'AzcUda, i.e. the speaker]. . . ." That is to say, "He will be everlastingly disgraced by drinking the forbidden beverage." Cp., however, No. 153.

"Pour it over his tomb. . . ," i.e. as an insult to his memory. For " the Book and the Law, etc.. . . " cp. BA, ix. For 'Ali fl Ag-huri cp. No. 22. 'Azcuda is mentioned in A 2, XLiv. 67. Tag el Din is wrongly called "el Bokhari" in Jackson, p. 27. "His actual name. . . ." The Arabic is given in Appendix 14. For the meaning of the terms "Sheikh," "Imam," " Kutb" " Ghauth" see Sell, pp. 104-112. "Imam" may be translated "Precentor" or "Leader" or "Pattern" (see Hughes, p. 202); "Kutb" is literally an axis (see Hughes, p. 531); and "Ghauth" is literally a mediator (see Hughes, p. 139).

'Abd el Kddir el Gildni was the founder of the Kadin'a order and died at Baghdad in the second half of the twelfth century (see Hughes, p. 2, and Sell, p. 116). The Arab nomads of the Sudan chiefly belong to the

Kadin'a tarika, but their allegiance is somewhat nominal. For the suc-

cessive Khalifas of this order see note to No. 226. The influence of the Kadiria received a great impulse early in the nineteenth century, when Ahmad ibn Idris sent missionaries from the Hegaz to the Sudan. The

Senussi himself was a member of the order, and intellectually the Senussia

and the Kadiria have close affinities. The latter 's influence now extends from India to Algiers. Its propaganda is essentially peaceful.

'Abd el Gelil, the father of Daud, is the eponymous ancestor of the Gelilab, and nephew of Hegazi ibn Ma'i'n, the founder of Arbagi. Hillat Sa'id, a few miles north of el Kamlin and the chief village of the Wad