IV. Di.CLXxxii. OF THE SUDAN 197
their origin is from the Tartar [Tatar] peasants who are in the
deserts.
CLXXIV The [people of] FezzAn [el Fayzdn^] are also Arabs of Upper Egypt by descent, Tartars.
CLXXV The MoGHARBA AwLAD Zerruk el Moghrabi are Ashraf HusAYNiA in the West; for the Ashraf in the days of the Beni Ommayya were scattered eastwards and westwards, and similarly the Beni Ommayya in the time of the Beni 'Abbas reached the western country [el moghraU] and conquered it and took possession of it, and their progeny is represented by numberless tribes in the West at present.
CLXXVI Among the Ashraf in the West are the stock of Muham-
mad el Thauri; and of his stock are Ahmad el Warak and Zurruk
el Moghrabi and Ahu el Hasan el Shadhali and 'Abd el Rahim
el Bura'i ; and they also include the stocks of el Shibli and of Sheikh el Dasuki. All of the above are Hasania in Morocco [el moghrab el aksd].
CLXXVII The Gamu'ia and the Gimi'ab are Ga'aliyyCn, i.e.
'Abbasia, and similarly most of the Shai'kia are Ga'aliyyun.
here ends book ii
BOOK III
CLXXVIII The original autochthonous peoples of the Sudan were the Nuba and the Abyssinians [el Habsha] and the Zing.
CLXXIX The first people who subsequently joined them were the Berber.
CLXXX Ever}^ [tribe] that is derived from the Hamag belongs to
the Zing group, and ever}' [tribe] that is derived from the Fung belongs to the Nuba group.
CLXXXI The tribes of the Arabs who are in the Sudan, other than
these, are foreigners, and have merely mixed with the tribes mentioned above and multiplied with them. Some of them have retained the characteristics of the Arabs, and the element of Nuba and Zing that
is interspersed among them has adopted the Arab characteristics;
and on the other hand there have been some Arabs who have become fused with the Nuba and the Zing and adopted their characteristics ; but in each case they know their origin.
CLXXXII The original [home] of the Zing is a mountain inhabited by blacks on the equator and south [of it]. Beyond them are no
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