Population. 91 (1) Asfari (yellow) of manifestly Arab origin. (2) Hamar (red) nmlattoes, one remove from the preceding.

(3) Azrek (bine), darker than the Hamar, and including the people called Fungi.

(4) Akhdar (green). (5) Elkat Fatelolu (very dark), and little removed from No. 6.

(6) The Sudan blacks or negro slaves. The existence of a once dominant white race, distinct from, the Arab, cannot be doubted.

The pastoral tribes of the island are the Aelt and Haraza.

On the right bank of the Nile are the Jaalin, the Kawalah (between the Rahad and Dinder), the Rufaa, and Dobena.

The pastoral tribes of Sennar move north with their herds in May, and return in September. The northern portion of the fork of the Niles is inhabited by the Degheim and Kenana Arabs, horsebreeding tribes. Khalifa Ali "Wad Helu is head of them. They are fanatical Mahdists.

The bodily vigour of the men is soon undermined by climate, &c, and they grow rapidly decrepid in declining years. The women, on whom all the drudgery of domestic life devolves, soon become repulsively ugly. The dress is the ferda or toga, which is folded in a variety of ways.

The elaborately dressed hair and ornamental sandals exactly represent the fashion of ancient Egypt as painted on the tombs.

Slavery was one of the chief conditions of social life ; when Sennar was an independent State, every man was an abject slave, either of a private master or of a despotic King.

The inhabitants have scarcely any other occupation than that of cultivating the ground, which they do very imperfectly; it could be made to produce three times what it does at present, but they themselves say that the old Egyptian rule totally suppressed all habits of industry.

The land is thinly peopled and little cultivated, and there are no proprietors of the soil. Anyone can take