In October, the Mamuriyah began in Tanta, examining students from the Tanta Amiriya School, according to the agreement concluded with the Ministry of Education. It was found that a large number of students suffered from trachoma. This chronic, infectious disease is a major cause of blindness in these lands, whether congenital or acquired. It is estimated that 21.66% of students have impaired vision in one or both eyes.

The vacant space near the permanent hospital being built by the government in Tanta is being utilized. Another hospital is now being built in Assiut, and some generous citizens of the city have donated the necessary land for it.

Plague and Cholera (80) The presence of plague in Egypt during the past year was a cause for concern. The incidence of plague has decreased in recent years in Upper Egypt, where it appears in the pneumonic form, which is very dangerous due to its rapid spread, high infectivity, and high mortality rate among those infected, who may all die. In Lower Egypt, the disease is usually of the bubonic type, with a mortality rate not exceeding 10% of cases. This type does not appear to be transmitted directly from person to person.

Cases occurred in two locations in Upper Egypt in 1406 AH, and in one location in 1407 AH. In 1408 AH, there were 150 cases in 488 locations, and in 1409 AH, there were 150 cases in 2 locations. In 1410 AH, there were 21 cases. These figures indicate an increase in the number of locations where the disease has spread, making it more difficult to combat. The most important measures for combating plague, especially the pneumonic form, are reporting cases, isolating those who have been in contact with the infected, and disinfecting places. This requires appointing a sufficient number of trained disinfectors to carry out the required work without causing hardship to the people through mistreatment or damage to their property. Furthermore, if the people themselves are not convinced of the benefit of the work and the village elders do not participate in enforcing the recommendations of the health officials, the spread of the disease cannot be stopped. In any case, efforts are being made to educate the people on this matter.

In southern Russia and the Levant, then in the Hijaz (110), the presence of cholera at the end of the year necessitated strict precautions and close monitoring of pilgrims and travelers, for fear that some might be infected with this epidemic. However, no cases of cholera were reported in the country. (00091)