Water requirements in the field per year The water required per feddan from the total area in the Lower Egypt region for the year - Lower Egypt (1) has been extracted from the figures shown in the preceding paragraph. Considering the unrestricted crop rotation, it was found to be 3,000 cubic meters per feddan of the total area. It was also estimated considering the theoretical crop rotation in which cotton cultivation is limited to 40% of the total area in the year, and it was found to be 2,000 cubic meters per feddan of the total area in the year. This figure indicates the water efficiency in the field.

(b) Lower Egypt The total annual water requirement per feddan of the total area in the entire Upper Egypt region was estimated at 2,500 cubic meters. This calculation was based on statistics of canal and pump discharges, considering the benefited area for one year.

Given that wheat is not cultivated in Upper Egypt and due to the limited area of food crops, cotton cultivation does not exceed 40% in Upper Egypt. Therefore, there is no need for a special estimate for restricted cultivation, unlike the estimate for unrestricted cultivation.

There was no significant difference in water requirements between the northern and southern governorates of Upper Egypt. Therefore, it is best to divide this region into two areas: Middle Egypt from Cairo to Assiut, 1,000,000 feddans. (2) Upper Egypt from Assiut to Aswan, 1,000,000 feddans. (3) Mr. Molesworth and Mr. Benidonia found that the annual average for a field in Middle Egypt is very low, due to the fact that much of the water is used for irrigation and drainage simultaneously. The reason for this is that the river serves as both a drainage and a supply canal at the same time. They concluded from their research that the annual average for a field in Middle Egypt, including Fayoum, is 2,500 cubic meters per feddan of the total irrigated area in summer each year.

As for Upper Egypt, this average was estimated at 2,000 cubic meters. Thus, the average for the entire Upper Egypt region is 2,250 cubic meters per feddan of the total area each year, as shown in the following table: Average annual requirement Water requirements in the field Area in feddans of total area per year (1) Middle Egypt 1,000,000 Fayoum 1,000,000 Upper Egypt 1,000,000 Average 2,250 (b) Lower Egypt (c) Upper Egypt Average 2,250 Approximately 2,250 cubic meters. Thus, the average annual water requirement per feddan of the total area in Middle and Upper Egypt is approximately 2,250 cubic meters per year.