KASSELA-EL-LUS. 217 my l)i-otlicr and I made a foray on the apes, and, unmarked by them, got before tliem on the smooth rocks, over which their path ran •, but hardly were we there, when they descended from their Olympus, and bombarded us with stones, so that we had to beat a speedy retreat. A Turk called Hassan, a capital shot, and who often brought to our kitchen hares, guinea foAvls, and otru (a dwarf deer), that he had killed Avith liall, promised at our request, not only to bring in a male and female of these apes, but, if well paid, a camel load of them. For many days we did not see our friend Hassan again ; at last, we fell in with him at the bazaar, but he tried to get out of our way ; however, we caught him, and asked for the apes ; but he fancied we were laughing at him, and pointed to a hole in his head and a wound he had got in the shoulder. On my ])re3sing two charien (gulden) into his hand, he recovered ills good humour, and declared to us, that he would have nothing to do with tliose metamorphosed men.

In former times the race of the Hallenga had, at the foot of the hill of Kassela-el-Lus, a great city, an hour's journey in length, and it seems to have extended from Kadmin, near which one sees yet many loam walls, over our camping place, and on to the entrance of the valley, between the above-named hill and that of Mochran ( Mokran). The true name of the hill is el Lus, and the word Kassela is the name of a sainted Sheik. The rock-dome of Kassela is surrounded by six pillar-like rocks ; and hence the saying " Kasselael-Lus saba Eus " (Kassela-el-Lus of tiie seven heads), whereby would be denoted the pride and invincibility of its people. Above on the hill are yet to be found the ruins of the castle of a queen, jiamed Sunia. The above-mentioned large city was called Fakenda, and there, according to the old Faki Mohammed in Kadmin, dwelt all the race of the Hallenga, descendants of the Hedjas. .Some thirty years ago the race, partly from tlie distance of water, and partly from their numbers becoming too great, divided and separated ; and fi'om this separation arose Hanathi, Kadmin (Sunia or Assunia), Abre and Dabali. The language of these villages is the Aggem, an original language, but mixed with many Ai'abit words. Li Sabderath are made very nice sandals, stout leather sacks, and a good cotton stuff. Defterdar Bey destroyed Sab-