But the problem is not entirely solved, and this trade will not cease unless there is a strong, organized government in the lands of the Atwak and the Gala.

(Z) The Sanusi Nothing worthy of mention occurred in this regard last year, and there are few followers of this order in Sudan, if we investigate Darfur. However, everyone looks to the Sanusi as a religious leader and respects him, so his conduct has some importance.

25 - Exploration of Unknown Regions and Surveying The most important topographical work undertaken by the Survey Department is the triangulation between the Nile, by way of the Andu district, and the southern part of Bahr el Ghazal. Captain Conham, who joined the English army after seven years of service, during which he was one of the most diligent in drawing maps of all inhabited parts of Sudan, is in charge of this work.

From the research led by Captain Kelly east of Malakal, it follows that the best routes in the dry season from the Nile are not to the east, but rather the route extending from Jebel Ahmed Agha or from Reteik to Karmuk.

Captain Nicob collected a great deal of useful information on his journey to Jebel. It is hoped that there will soon be an improvement in the mapping of hills and mountains. Among the most important locations not yet explored are the Jur River, Bahr el Arab, and the lands south of the Sobat River.

So far, 126 maps have been printed on a quarter-million scale, and good progress has been made in surveying the lands between the White Nile and the Blue Nile.

Omdurman has been surveyed, and its survey officials are now considering applications for the distribution of building land.

Captain Erson Badr continues to energetically and capably lead this department, which is undertaking these important tasks in Sudan.

26 - Labor and Population The population of the country now numbers about three million people.