Chapter Three of the Introduction On the situation of the African lands and their relation to other lands, and the superiority of the French nation over other lands, and the clarification of the designation of His Excellency to them by sending us, and the exclusion of other kingdoms from the lands. We say, know that the geographers of the lands have divided the world from north to south and from east to west into five divisions, which are the lands of Europe, with the addition of the hamza and the ra and the shadda on the ba; and the lands of Asia, with the kasra on the sin; and the lands of Africa; and the lands of America; and the islands of the ocean sea. The lands of Europe are bounded to the north by the frozen sea called the Northern Crown Sea; to the west by the Sea of Darkness, called the Dark Sea and the Western Sea; to the south by the Sea of Rome, called the Mediterranean Sea and the White Sea; and the lands of Asia to the east by the Caspian Sea, with the damma on the ha and the za, called the Sea of Jurjan and the Sea of Tabaristan. The lands of Asia are the lands of Europe, the lands of Rum, the lands of Constantinople, the lands of the islands and the Balnar, with the damma on the ba and the fatha on the ghayn, and Wallachia, and Serbia, and others, which are about thirteen original provinces, four of which are in the north, which are the lands of England, and the lands of Denmark, with the kasra on the nun and the fatha on the mim and the sukun on the ra, and the lands of Sweden, with the fatha on the hamza and the sukun on the sin and the kasra on the waw. And the lands in the middle are the lands of Flanders, with the fatha on the fa and the lam and the sukun on the nun, and the lands of the Franks, and the lands of Switzerland, with the damma on the first sin with the shadda and the kasra on the waw, and the lands of the Five, and the lands of the Magi, with the damma on the ba, and the lands of Germany, with the kasra on the jim and the sukun on the ra and the kasra on the nun. And three are in the south, which are the lands of Spain with Portugal.