Sudan Archive

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The order to depart once again for their homeland in Upper Egypt was given. Muhammad Abu Manama bin Al-Hajj Issa and D. Mansour led the caravan that moved north to depart from Sudan. After they had traveled a long way north, which took more than two days, they reached a village called Dom Al-Khatrab near Sharm. There they met the people of this region, who hosted them and welcomed them, sharing their livelihood with them. They appointed Sheikh Muhammad Abu Manama as their faqih and teacher, to teach them Islamic religious sciences and to memorize the Holy Quran for their children. However, this Sheikh Muhammad passed away in the village of Dom Al-Khatrab. His people returned once again to the villages of Dhumni and Umm Dalika, where they settled permanently.

Some differences in complexion appeared between the Bedouin Hawara and the Jalaba Hawara over time. The Jalaba Hawara were more mixed through marriage and procreation with the negroid elements than their relatives, the Bedouin Hawara.

Thus, the Hawara tribes settled near the area of El Obeid in Kordofan. It is possible that some Hawara arrived via the northwestern Libyan route and not the Darb al-Arba'in in Sudan. In Sudan, they were called Al-Hawawir, and their homeland was in northern Kordofan, west of Wadi Al-Malik to the Bayuda Desert. They are neighbors to the Kababish from the northeast and meet together in search of pasture and around water sources. Many of them are found in Al-Abbas and Ar-Rahad, and there are households of them in Al-Abbas and Ar-Rahad. They are involved in trade and the transportation of goods. During the era of Khalifa Abdullah Al-Ta'aishi, they contributed camels to the siege of Salih Fadlallah, the leader of the Kababish.

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