Sudan Archive

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There are also the Banu Atiyyah, or Al-Atwiyyah, who are also a branch of the Kababish, tracing their lineage to Banu Uqbah. They settled around the Gulf of Aqaba in the 14th century AD.

These are the main tribes belonging to Juhaynah, who had a strong influence on the political, cultural, civilizational, and economic events in Sudan during its Arab-Islamic period.

There are also the Arkiyyun tribal groups, who are included in the current classification in Sudan with the Juhaynah tribes. The Arkiyyun are groups who inhabit villages in the Gezira between the White and Blue Niles. Some of them are still in western Sudan. The earliest known among them in Sudanese history were in the early 10th Hijri century, the 16th century AD. The first to carry the banner of spiritual leadership in Sudan were three, one of whom was Sheikh Dafl Allah ibn Muqbil ibn Nafi' Al-Arki, who lived in the 16th century AD, around 1500 AD. He is the ancestor of the Arkiyyun community of Abu Haraz in the Gezira. His lineage is known in the books of the Tariqas, and his lineage is famously attributed to Al-Arki, in relation to the well-known Arab tribe of Arki. The Arki tribe dispersed in Upper Egypt. A dispute arose in the year 749 AH between the Arki and Banu Hilal tribes, but the Mamluks in Egypt supported Banu Hilal in this dispute. A large number of Mamluks and their emirs were killed in this conflict. This signaled the beginning of a violent war between the Mamluks and the Arkiyyun and their allies, who were forced to migrate south to the land of Sudan. Arki was a branch of Juhaynah, and they were in the western lands, to the northwest of them. Then they moved with Juhaynah to Upper Egypt. This resistance movement continued for five years or more (749-754 AH) under the leadership of Muhammad ibn Wasil Al-Arki.

The Mamluks launched a campaign against the Arki and their successors, led by Muhammad ibn Wasil, the Sheikh of Arki. The Mamluks, through deception, managed to slaughter them.

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