British political ambitions The Sudan And the route of the Empress's communications Egypt, Sudan, the Suez Canal, Palestine, Iraq, and Iran were necessary for England.

Lord Curzon's speech to the House of Commons, saying "Egypt and Sudan are one." And the House of Commons applauded him.

The English writer, in his book, said: "From the beginning, and with the utmost precision, England remained vigilant against Egypt's strength and feared for its gains.

It seized the opportunity of the Urabi revolt against the government, under the pretext of diverting the Nile to the people, and occupied the country. Thus, the bond between Egypt and Sudan was broken. Whenever it said "Egypt," it was answered: "Sudan." Until it made it a partnership between itself and Egypt. This partnership was dissolved by an order from England, without regard for Sharia or law, "as the Manchester Guardian stated." And it ignored that Turkey, the rightful owner, was not consulted.

Regarding the separation of Egypt from Sudan.

The Times says that Egypt is one nation and Sudan is another.

And this is compounded by the fact that if Sudan is given to Egypt, Uganda is behind Sudan, and from there the waters of the Nile are diverted from Egypt. Other writers say, and they ignore that Uganda was part of Egypt before they annexed Sudan.

Through treaties between countries and firmans, Egypt's independent life began in 1881.

Based on those treaties and firmans, the administration of Muhammad Ali and his descendants was established. The lands of Nubia, Darfur, Kordofan, and their dependencies - that is, Egypt represented by its Khedive and its Wali.