Sudan Archive

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The Sudan, 1822.

The most important of Ismail Pasha's tasks was to organize the country and its communications. He marched towards the sources of the Nile, aiming to reach them.

To control Sudan, it was imperative to reorganize the army and divide it into two parts. He continued his march on the Blue Nile to discover its sources and to search for gold mines in the land of Shanqul. He also continued his march on the White Nile, heading towards Fashoda, intending to reach Fashoda. He then marched towards the land of Fazughli, and the order was given to Ibrahim Pasha to march towards the land of the Dinkas, while Dabouq Effendi remained to guard the rear. When Ibrahim reached Jabal al-Qurayn, he was wounded.

He returned to Egypt, and the command was taken over by his brother, Muhammad Bey, who reached the borders of Adina. Prince Ismail completed the conquest of Fazughli and searched for gold mines in Shanqul, but found little gold. While Prince Ismail was absent, the governors of Diwan Effendi and his scribe, Hanna Ali, imposed taxes on the people, who revolted. When Prince Ismail learned of this, he returned quickly, abolished the taxes, and pardoned the rebels.

At the same time, Muhammad Ali had prepared an army to conquer Kordofan, led by his son-in-law, Muhammad Bey al-Daftardar. Kordofan was part of the Sultanate of Darfur. Its governor fought him fiercely, defeated him, and entered its capital, al-Abyad. He advanced to conquer Darfur. Before he reached Darfur, Prince Ismail, who was in Sennar, learned that King Ghara, the King of the Samtab in Shendi, was preparing for a revolt. He summoned the Mak of Shendi and threatened him and imposed a tribute on him. The man showed obedience. When night fell, his slaves placed gunpowder around the tent where Prince Ismail and his men were sleeping and set it on fire. They all perished, and the traitor fled. The commanders who participated in this plot were ordered by the Daftardar from Kordofan to take revenge on King Ghara. He fled from them, and his accomplices were severely punished.

Al-Mala Nimer went to the land of the Bashqa, where he remained until the time of Said Pasha, who appointed him.

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