The Mahdist call in Sudan and the Arab revolt in Egypt occurred at the same time in 1881, as if they were destined to. The English policy in both was evident. The English were lying in wait for Egypt, seizing every opportunity to achieve their goal. They had a long-standing plan, conceived by Napoleon in Egypt, and had threatened the Empire since then. Since that day, the English have created "communication routes" in 1799. After expelling Napoleon, and denying the Treaty of Amiens, they tried to maintain the status quo in Egypt without occupation. However, Muhammad Ali, with the help of the French, was able to achieve his goal in Egypt when the English intentions became clear and they were unable to resist. The French, after expelling the English, continued to support Muhammad Ali and organize his kingdom until he defeated Turkey and extended the Egyptian kingdom to the Taurus Mountains. He established a vast empire comprising Egypt, Syria, and Sudan. But the English were lying in wait for him. They incited the powers against Egypt and considered the conqueror a usurper, leaving Egypt as a Turkish province. Then they took Abbas I, placing him in their hands, and built the route to India through the heart of Egypt. They ensured the construction of a railway from Alexandria to Suez and a paved road to Turkey. He closed schools and relinquished many privileges. If his reign had lasted longer, Egypt would have remained a Turkish province under their guidance. When Said Pasha took over, he granted the concession for the Suez Canal. The English harassed him until they were unable to resist, and their eyes were set on possessing the canal. Sharif Pasha declared "Egypt for the Egyptians," strengthening nationalism and consolidating his control over the country's affairs. The English policy found its way to him.