' - J5 4 ANTHRAX.

Anthrax is increasing throughout Africa. In South Africa this disease causes more loss than any other disease. It is therefore conceivable that the Sudan will not long enjoy its comparative immunity to Anthrax.

Extensive investigations into the preparation of a vaccine against this disease are being carried out in South Africa, and in East Africa, and a very satisfactory immunising vaccine has been obtained. One of us had the opportunity of studying the technique of the production of this vaccine, and strains of the attenuated cultures used in vaccine production were kindly supplied to us by the Veterinary Pathologist of Kenya.

Here again it is conceivable that in future it will be necessarv to to vaccinate all cattle against Anthrax in the Gezirah area, and it is proposed to carry out experiments to test the efficacy of the vaccines in Khartoum.

5. HORSE SICKNESS.

It is encouraging to learn that Sir Arnold Theiler, the head of the Veterinary Research Division in the Union of South Africa is still devoting his energies to the investigation of a method of protective inoculation against this disease, and that he is able to report an improvement in his method of protective inoculation.

The stage has, however, not been reached when the protective inoculation is of use for application in the Sudan, as the mortality from the vaccination itself is too high.

We would take the opportunity of here recording' the method adopted in Kenya in dealing with Horse-sickness in areas where it is known to occur yearly.

During the dangerous season the temperatures of all horses are taken night and morning, so that the disease can be detected in its initial stages.

Any horses shewing a rise of temperature are immediately put under treatment. This consists of giving Magnesium Sulphate and Sodium Bicarbonate three times daily, and continuous cold douches (preferably with iced water) until the temperature is reduced. This method of treatment has been reported to give very satisfactory results, although no statistics in its support are available.