```markdown 30° 20° 10° TUNIS MEDITERRANEAN 10° LIB YA SEA CRÉTE CYPRUS 30° 40° MEDITERRANEAN SEA Alexandria Rosetta Port Said Nile Delta Damiette Mansura Tanta Suez Canal Cairo el Faiyum THE PYRAMIDS el Gizah Memphis THE SPHINX Mendinet BENI SUEF Sinai PEN. TROPIC OF CANCER LIBYAN EGYPT 1st Cataract Abu Simbel 2nd Cataract Wady Haifa RED SEA Nubian 3rd Cataract 4th Cataract Mecca Assyut Arabian Jiddap Medina 20° SAHA RA Desert Mecca Thebes Karnak Luxor A R R B I A 20° MILITARY TERRITORY OF CHAD EL OBEID OMDURMAN Anglo-Egyptian El Obeid Sudan Massawa Kassala Asmara Port Sudan ERITREA HADRAMAUT 40° SUDAN 10° Gondokoro L. Albert Aden Gulf of Aden SOCOTRA C. GUARDARUI BERBERA BRITISH SOMALILAND ITALIAN SOMALILAND Mogadishu Equator FRENCH EQUATORIAL AFRICA Bahr el Ghaza (THE SUDD) Congo R. BELGIAN Kivu L. Edward L. Rudolf KENYA COLONY Nairobi Mombasa PEMBA ZANZIBAR TANGANYIKA TERRITORY Mt. Kilimanjaro FRENCH BELGIAN CONGO Kusai Kindu Kabalo Albertville Kismu 30° 40° FROM CAIRO TO KISUMU Embraces the right shoulder of Africa which for centuries withstood the attempts of rulers and traders to establish their dominion over the continent. ```