CAIRO TO KISUMU the children, and it is a common sight to see a child with its eyes so fringed with flies that it seems to have double eyelashes. The flies cover the meat in the markets, they roost on the buffaloes, camels, and donkeys, and attack the tourist to such an extent that the selling of fly brushes has become an Egyptian industry. The brushes are tassel¬ like affairs with long strings similar to the hairs of a horse's tail.

Everyone knows that flies carry disease and many of the troubles of the Egyptians are due to them. Ophthal¬ mia is especially prevalent. There are blind people every¬ where, while one-eyed men and women are common.

Diseases of the eye are so universal that one of the chari¬ ties of Lower Egypt is a company of travelling eye doctors, who are supported by a rich Englishman. The doctors go from village to village, carrying their tents with them. As they enter a town, word goes out that the poor will be treated without charge, and crowds come to their tents to have their eyes examined and cured. They remain in one town for a month or so, serving the poor without money and without price. The institution does great good.

The port of Shellal, where I took the steamer for Wady Haifa, lies opposite the island of Philae, and during my stay there I made several trips to the island to take photo¬ graphs of the ruined temples, which have already been more or less affected by the backing up of the water of the Aswan Dam. When the Aswan Dam was first proposed a great outcry came from the savants and archaeologists of the world on account of the injury that it would do to Philae, but the material results have been so valuable to Egypt that the dam went ahead, regardless of the pres-146