APPENDIX ; BEING HISTORICAL FRAGMENTS IN ELUCIDATION OF THE FOREGOING PAGES.

First Expedition on Record to Timbuctoo, — Timhuctoo and Guago captured hy Muley Hamed, {son of Muley Ahdelmelk commonly called Muley Melk % or Muley Moluck,) in the I6tk Century, {about the Year 1580.)

iVluLEY Abdelmelk, commonly caUed Muley Moluck, in 1577, A. C. fought the celebrated battle with Don Sebastian, King of Portugal, near Alkassar, which is at a short distance from L'Araich, wherein Don Sebastian was killed ; and Abdelmelk being, before the battle, extremely ill, his son Muley Hamed went to his litter, to communicate to the Emperor his father, that the Moors had gained the victory, when he found his father dead and cold. Muley Hamed concealed this event till the battle was over; and was then proclaimed Emperor, and reigned twenty-six years : he cultivated the arts and sciences, mathematics and astronomy, which last was of essential service to him in crossing the Sahara to Timbuctoo and Guago ; during which perilous journey the compass is so indispensable, that there is no certainty of travelling without it. He lost some thousands in this expedition ; * See the Spectator, No. 3iif. L L 4