486 VARIOUS LETTERS Strong garrison, and held the adjacent country in subjection, where his name is held in reverence to this day. This being premised, it follows of course, that one of these four great monarchies here alluded to, viz. that of Santambool is certainly not on the Quolla, unless the Quolla be considered the same river witli the Egyptian Nile, and that Egypt be considered a part of the empire of Santambool ; then, and then only, can it be said, that the empire of Santambool is situated on the Quolla.

Page 198. Two large lakes were described close to the northward of Houssa; one called Balahar Sudan, and the other Girrigi Maragasee ; the first of these names is a Negro corruption, or an European corruption of the term Bahar Sudan ; the other is a Negro name of another, if not of the same lake or sea. The situation of the Bahar Sudan is described by me in the ISth chapter, in my account of Marocco, to be fifteen journeys east of Timbuctoo, and the Neel El Abeed passes through it, I had this information from no less than seven Moorish merchants of intelligence and veracity ; the same is confirmed by Ali Bey *, the Shereef Imhammed. Park, and Dr. Seitzen ; all these authorities must therefore fall to the ground if Mr. Bowdich's report is to overturn these testimonies, See Jackson's Marocco, chap. xiii.

* For an elucidation of these opinions, see my Letter on the Interior of Africa, in the European Magazine, Feb. 1818, page 113.