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Political and Social Outcome: -B On his journey to the East and during his long stay there, Ibn Tumart was able to closely observe various political systems. He met with many princes and governors, especially on his return journey to the Maghreb. This gave him extensive knowledge of the political reality of Muslims, and the negative aspects that often characterized this reality, particularly the division of Muslims into various states, between which conflict often arose, leading to the loss of many Muslim lives. It was also evident in the oppression and tyranny that some rulers exercised over the nation, and the enrichment and extravagance they pursued at the expense of the poor.
He was also able to closely examine different models of Islamic societies. He lived their daily lives and mingled with their individuals of varying levels. Thus, he became aware of the manifestations of deviation and corruption within them, and experienced their flaws, whether they stemmed from thought and perception, or from behavior and action. He likely went beyond observing these manifestations to observing their causes and roots embedded in the psychological, intellectual, and social structure of individuals and groups.
There is no doubt that he encountered attempts at intellectual and social reform that arose from time to time here and there, such as those undertaken by Al-Ghazali on the intellectual level in creed and jurisprudence, and those undertaken by Al-Tartushi on the level of resisting innovations. When he returned to the Maghreb, he brought with him a wealth of knowledge of psychological and social realities and the successful methods of da'wah (preaching/calling to Islam) and the ways leading to leadership and influence over people.
Thus, upon Ibn Tumart's arrival in his village after this long journey, he possessed a rich store of intellectual and Sharia sciences, a critical and comparative mind, a rebellious spirit, and a wealth of experience in practicing da'wah and change, and a keen awareness of the manifestations of political and moral corruption.